
If ten people are talking about urban fantasy, they’ll actually be talking
about six different things. When I first started paying attention to things
like sub-genre definitions (early 1990’s), the term urban fantasy usually
labeled stories in a contemporary setting with traditionally fantastical
elements—the modern folktale works of Charles de Lint, Emma Bull’s punk
elf stories, the Bordertown series, and so on.
But the term is older than
that, and I’ve also heard it used to describe traditional other-world
fantasy set in a city, such as Fritz Leiber’s Lankhmar stories. Vampire
fiction (the books of Anne Rice, Chelsea Quinn Yarbro, and P.N. Elrod for
example) was its own separate thing.
Lately I’ve been wondering—when did “urban fantasy” come to be used
almost exclusively to describe anything remotely following in the footsteps
of Buffy and Anita? Stories with a main character who kicks ass, and with
supernatural beings, usually but not exclusively vampires and werewolves
(with liberal sprinklings of zombies, angels, djinn, ghosts, merfolk, and so
on) who are sometimes bad guys but often good guys. Those ubiquitous covers
of leather-clad women with lots of tattoos.
[Well, I think I have an answer.]